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Porous silica synthesis out of coal fly ash with no residue generation and complete silicon separation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1712-2

摘要：

● Both amorphous and crystalline silicon are completely separated from coal fly ash.

关键词： Coal fly ash     Alkali fusion     Micro-/meso-porous Si     Zeolite MCM-48     Crystalline transformation    

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Synthesis of micro/meso porous carbon for ultrahigh hydrogen adsorption using cross-linked polyaspartic

Jun Wei, Jianbo Zhao, Di Cai, Wenqiang Ren, Hui Cao, Tianwei Tan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 857-867 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1880-6

摘要： In addition to the specific surface area, surface topography and characteristics such as the pore size, pore size distribution, and micro/mesopores ratio are factors that determine the performance of porous carbons (PCs) in the fields of energy, catalysis, and adsorption. Based on the mechanism of weight loss of polyaspartic acid at high temperatures, this study provided a new method for adjusting the surface morphology of PCs by changing the cross-linking ratio of the precursor, where cross-linked polyaspartic acid was used as precursor without additional activating agents. N adsorption analysis indicated that the specific surface area of the obtained PCs was as high as 1458 m ·g , of which 1200 m ·g was the contribution of the microporous area and the highest pore volume was 1.13 cm ·g , of which the micropore volume was 0.636 cm ·g . The thermogravimetric analysis results of the precursor, and also the scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller analysis results of the carbonization product confirmed that the prepared PCs presented multilevel pore structure, and the diameters of most pores were 0.78 and 3.97 nm; moreover, the pore size distribution was relatively uniform. This conferred the PCs the ultrahigh hydrogen adsorption capacity of up to 4.52 wt-% at 77 K and 1.13 bar, in addition to their great energy storage and catalytic potential.

关键词： porous carbon     multilevel pores     polyaspartic acid     cross-linking     hydrogen adsorption    

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Recent advances in micro- and nano-machining technologies

Shang GAO, Han HUANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第12卷 第1期   页码 18-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0410-9

摘要：

Device miniaturization is an emerging advanced technology in the 21st century. The miniaturization of devices in different fields requires production of micro- and nano-scale components. The features of these components range from the sub-micron to a few hundred microns with high tolerance to many engineering materials. These fields mainly include optics, electronics, medicine, bio-technology, communications, and avionics. This paper reviewed the recent advances in micro- and nano-machining technologies, including micro-cutting, micro-electrical-discharge machining, laser micro-machining, and focused ion beam machining. The four machining technologies were also compared in terms of machining efficiency, workpiece materials being machined, minimum feature size, maximum aspect ratio, and surface finish.

关键词： micro machining     cutting     electro discharge machining (EDM)     laser machining     focused ion beam (FIB)    

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Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1534-7

摘要：

• The first study on micro(meso)plastics (MMPs) in the Liaohe River Reserve is reported.

关键词： Microplastics     Mesoplastics     Water     Sediment     Characteristic     Risk Assessment    

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Strengthening of polysulfone membranes using hybrid mixtures of micro- and nano-scale modifiers

Peyman P. Selakjani, Majid Peyravi, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Hamzeh Hoseinpour, Ali S. Rad, Soodabeh Khalili

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 174-183 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1670-y

摘要： Polysulfone (PSf) membranes were modified by either a new organic modifier (sulfonated poly(ether sulfide sulfone), SPESS) or a traditional modifier (rice hulk). These membranes were further reinforced with either multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or silica nanoparticles. Having a dye rejection of 98.46%, the reinforced membranes increased more than 50% in strength but no change in solution flux was observed. The morphological and roughness studies were conducted using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the PSF membranes were also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. Modifying the membranes with organic modifier or nanofiller increases the glass transition temperature ( ). The highest and strength were observed for the PSf-SPESS-MWCNT membrane. SPESS decreases surface roughness but MWCNT increases roughness on the nanoscale. All membranes show a bimodal pore size distribution, whereas the PSf-SPESS-MWCNT membrane exhibits a relatively uniform distribution of macroscopic and microscopic pores.

关键词： polysulfone membrane     mechanical properties     micro- and nano-modification     binary and ternary system     dye removal    

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Bicontinuous porous membranes with micro-nano composite structure using a facile atomization-assisted

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期   页码 1268-1280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2143-5

摘要： The micro-nano composite structure can endow separation membranes with special surface properties, but it often has the problems of inefficient preparation process and poor structural stability. In this work, a novel atomization-assisted nonsolvent induced phase separation method, which is also highly efficient and very simple, has been developed. By using this method, a bicontinuous porous microfiltration membrane with robust micro-nano composite structure was obtained via commercially available polymers of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The formation mechanism of the micro-nano composite structure was proposed. The microphase separation of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone components during the atomization pretreatment process and the hydrogen bonding between polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone molecules should have resulted in the nano-protrusions on the membrane skeleton. The membrane exhibits superhydrophilicity in air and superoleophobicity underwater. The membrane can separate both surfactant-free and surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions with high separation efficiency and permeation flux. With excellent antifouling property and robust microstructure, the membrane can easily be recycled for long-term separation. Furthermore, the scale-up verification from laboratory preparation to continuous production has been achieved. The simple, efficient, cost-effective preparation method and excellent membrane properties indicate the great potential of the developed membranes in practical applications.

关键词： atomization     nonsolvent induced phase separation     bicontinuous porous structure     micro-nano composite structure     oil-water separation    

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通过介科学关联“微”与“宏”

Raffaella Ocone

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第3期   页码 281-282 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.009

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Efficient CO

Yanxia Wang, Xiude Hu, Tuo Guo, Jian Hao, Chongdian Si, Qingjie Guo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 493-504 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1967-0

摘要： In this work, nitrogen-doped porous carbons (NACs) were fabricated as an adsorbent by urea modification and KOH activation. The CO adsorption mechanism for the NACs was then explored. The NACs are found to present a large specific surface area (1920.72–3078.99 m ·g ) and high micropore percentage (61.60%–76.23%). Under a pressure of 1 bar, sample NAC-650-650 shows the highest CO adsorption capacity up to 5.96 and 3.92 mmol·g at 0 and 25 °C, respectively. In addition, the CO /N selectivity of NAC-650-650 is 79.93, much higher than the value of 49.77 obtained for the nonnitrogen-doped carbon AC-650-650. The CO adsorption capacity of the NAC-650-650 sample maintains over 97% after ten cycles. Analysis of the results show that the CO capacity of the NACs has a linear correlation ( = 0.9633) with the cumulative pore volume for a pore size less than 1.02 nm. The presence of nitrogen and oxygen enhances the CO /N selectivity, and pyrrole-N and hydroxy groups contribute more to the CO adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis indicates that CO is adsorbed onto the NACs as a gas. Furthermore, the physical adsorption mechanism is confirmed by adsorption kinetic models and the isosteric heat, and it is found to be controlled by CO diffusion. The CO adsorption kinetics for NACs at room temperature and in pure CO is in accordance with the pseudo-first-order model and Avramís fractional-order kinetic model.

关键词： porous carbon     CO2 adsorption     nitrogen-doped     adsorption mechanism     kinetics    

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Fabrication of Si-based three-dimensional microbatteries: A review

Chuang YUE, Jing LI, Liwei LIN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第12卷 第4期   页码 459-476 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0462-x

摘要：

High-performance, Si-based three-dimensional (3D) microbattery systems for powering micro/nano-electromechanical systems and lab-on-chip smart electronic devices have attracted increasing research attention. These systems are characterized by compatible fabrication and integratibility resulting from the silicon-based technologies used in their production. The use of support substrates, electrodes or current collectors, electrolytes, and even batteries used in 3D layouts has become increasingly important in fabricating microbatteries with high energy, high power density, and wide-ranging applications. In this review, Si-based 3D microbatteries and related fabrication technologies, especially the production of micro-lithium ion batteries, are reviewed and discussed in detail in order to provide guidance for the design and fabrication.

关键词： three-dimensional (3D)     wafer-scale     Si-based anode     micro-LIBs     thin-film deposition    

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磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人在生物医学方面的应用 Review

邱发敏, Bradley J. Nelson

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第1期   页码 21-26 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015005

摘要：

磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人可在低强度旋转磁场（<10 mT）的驱动下，实现亚微米精度的三维（3D）游动。由于低强度磁场对细胞和组织无害，磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人在生物医学方面有很大的应用前景，如微创手术、细胞操作和分析以及靶向治疗。本文系统介绍了磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人的制造方法、运动控制和生物医学应用。

关键词： 磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人     可游动微纳米机器人     人造细菌鞭毛（ABFs）     功能化     生物医学应用    

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Digital representation of meso-geomaterial spatial distribution and associated numerical analysis of

YUE Zhongqi

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 80-93 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0008-0

摘要： This paper presents the author's efforts in the past decade for the establishment of a practical approach of digital representation of the geomaterial distribution of different minerals, particulars, and components in the meso-scale range (0.1 to 500 mm). The primary goal of the approach is to provide a possible solution to solve the two intrinsic problems associated with the current main-stream methods for geomechanics. The problems are (1) the constitutive models and parameters of soils and rocks cannot be given accurately in geomechanical prediction; and (2) there are numerous constitutive models of soils and rocks in the literature. The problems are possibly caused by the homogenization or averaging method in analyzing laboratory test results for establishing the constitutive models and parameters. The averaging method employs an assumption that the test samples can be represented by a homogeneous medium. Such averaging method ignores the fact that the geomaterial samples are also consisted of a number of materials and components whose properties may have significant differences. In the proposed approach, digital image processing methods are used as measurement tools to construct a digital representation for the actual spatial distribution of the different materials and components in geomaterial samples. The digital data are further processed to automatically generate meshes or grids for numerical analysis. These meshes or grids can be easily incorporated into existing numerical software packages for further mechanical analysis and failure prediction of the geomaterials under external loading. The paper presents case studies to illustrate the proposed approach. Further discussions are also made on how to use the proposed approach to develop the geomechanics by taking into account the geomaterial behavior at micro-scale, meso-scale and macro-scale levels. A literature review of the related developments is given by examining the SCI papers in the database of Science Citation Index Expanded. The results of this review have shown that the proposed approach is one of the latest research and developments in geomechanics where actual spatial distribution and properties of materials and components at the meso-level are taken into account.

关键词： homogeneous     numerical analysis     Expanded     homogenization     meso-level    

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Determination of mechanical parameters for elements in meso-mechanical models of concrete

Xianglin GU, Junyu JIA, Zhuolin WANG, Li HONG, Feng LIN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 391-401 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0225-7

摘要： The responses of cement mortar specimens of different dimensions under compression and tension were calculated based on the discrete element method with the modified-rigid-body-spring concrete model, in which the mechanical parameters derived from macro-scale material tests were applied directly to the mortar elements. By comparing the calculated results with those predicted by the Carpinteri and Weibull size effects laws, a series of formulas to convert the macro-scale mechanical parameters of mortar and interface to those at the meso-scale were proposed through a fitting analysis. Based on the proposed formulas, numerical simulation of axial compressive and tensile failure processes of concrete and cement mortar materials, respectively were conducted. The calculated results were a good match with the test results.

关键词： concrete     meso-mechanical model     discrete element method     size effect     mechanical parameter    

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汽车用非调质钢的研究进展

陈蕴博,马鸣图,王国栋

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第2期   页码 4-17

摘要：

综述了国内外非调质钢的应用现状及发展趋势。探讨了非调质钢的强韧化机理及手段，并从非调质钢强化方程、微合金元素固溶度积方程、晶内铁素体强化、控轧-控冷技术等方面阐述了非调质钢强韧化的研究动向。列举了各类非调质钢的典型应用，分析了非调质钢在我国生产及应用中的问题，并给出扩大非调质钢生产应用的建议。

关键词： 非调质钢     开发与应用     微合金化     强化原理    

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第三沉降带应力场研究

闫治涛,刘建中,邱金平, 金丽华

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第2期   页码 33-35

摘要：

介绍了第三沉降带的分布，监测得出的大量人工裂缝方向数据及由人工裂缝方向数据统计得出的 最大水平主应力方向。结果表明，第三沉降带由北向南绵延１ ５００ km，最大水平主应力方向大体稳定，分布在 ５５°～７５° NE范围，多为６５° NE。由监测结果可以判断，第三沉降带的构造应力方向是南亚板块及菲律宾板块 共同作用的结果。

关键词： 微地震法人工裂缝监测     第三沉降带     最大水平主应力方向     压裂施工    

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Fabrication and catalytic performance of meso-ZSM-5 zeolite encapsulated ferric oxide nanoparticles for

Zhenheng Diao, Lushi Cheng, Wen Guo, Xu Hou, Pengfei Zheng, Qiuyueming Zhou

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 643-653 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1972-3

摘要： An encapsulation-structured Fe O @meso-ZSM-5 (Fe@MZ5) was fabricated by confining Fe O nanoparticles (ca. 4 nm) within the ordered mesopores of hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite (meso-ZSM-5), with ferric oleate and amphiphilic organosilane as the iron source and meso-porogen, respectively. For comparison, catalysts with Fe O (ca. 12 nm) encapsulated in intra-crystal holes of meso-ZSM-5 and with MCM-41 or ZSM-5 phase as the shell were also prepared via sequential desilication and recrystallization at different pH values and temperatures. Catalytic phenol hydroxylation performance of the as-prepared catalysts using H O as oxidant was compared. Among the encapsulation-structured catalysts, Fe@MZ5 showed the highest phenol conversion and hydroquinone selectivity, which were enhanced by two times compared to the Fe-oxide impregnated ZSM-5 (Fe/Z5). Moreover, the Fe-leaching amount of Fe@MZ5 was only 3% of that for Fe/Z5. The influence of reaction parameters, reusability, and ·OH scavenging ability of the catalysts were also investigated. Based on the above results, the structure-performance relationship of these new catalysts was preliminarily described.

关键词： phenol hydroxylation     encapsulation structure     structure-performance relationship     meso-ZSM-5     ferric oxide    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Porous silica synthesis out of coal fly ash with no residue generation and complete silicon separation

期刊论文

Synthesis of micro/meso porous carbon for ultrahigh hydrogen adsorption using cross-linked polyaspartic

Jun Wei, Jianbo Zhao, Di Cai, Wenqiang Ren, Hui Cao, Tianwei Tan

期刊论文

Recent advances in micro- and nano-machining technologies

Shang GAO, Han HUANG

期刊论文

Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

期刊论文

Strengthening of polysulfone membranes using hybrid mixtures of micro- and nano-scale modifiers

Peyman P. Selakjani, Majid Peyravi, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Hamzeh Hoseinpour, Ali S. Rad, Soodabeh Khalili

期刊论文

Bicontinuous porous membranes with micro-nano composite structure using a facile atomization-assisted

期刊论文

通过介科学关联“微”与“宏”

Raffaella Ocone

期刊论文

Efficient CO

Yanxia Wang, Xiude Hu, Tuo Guo, Jian Hao, Chongdian Si, Qingjie Guo

期刊论文

Fabrication of Si-based three-dimensional microbatteries: A review

Chuang YUE, Jing LI, Liwei LIN

期刊论文

磁控螺旋形微纳米机器人在生物医学方面的应用

邱发敏, Bradley J. Nelson

期刊论文

Digital representation of meso-geomaterial spatial distribution and associated numerical analysis of

YUE Zhongqi

期刊论文

Determination of mechanical parameters for elements in meso-mechanical models of concrete

Xianglin GU, Junyu JIA, Zhuolin WANG, Li HONG, Feng LIN

期刊论文

汽车用非调质钢的研究进展

陈蕴博,马鸣图,王国栋

期刊论文

第三沉降带应力场研究

闫治涛,刘建中,邱金平, 金丽华

期刊论文

Fabrication and catalytic performance of meso-ZSM-5 zeolite encapsulated ferric oxide nanoparticles for

Zhenheng Diao, Lushi Cheng, Wen Guo, Xu Hou, Pengfei Zheng, Qiuyueming Zhou

期刊论文